Which step yields the most atp

Reactive oxygen species are superoxide, hydrogen peroxide, and hydrogen radicals. They are degraded by catalase, superoxide dismutase, and glutathione peroxidase. Neutrophils use reactive oxygen species to kill bacteria during the phagocytic oxidative burst. Uncouplers of the electron transport chain decrease the proton gradient and thus decrease ATP synthesis. Most energy from the electron transport chain is released as heat. The most common uncouplers are 2,4-dinitrophenol and aspirin, as well as thermogenin.

Carbon monoxide is an inhibitor of the electron transport chain, not an uncoupler. Nitric oxide does not affect directly the electron transport chain. Oxygen is an electron acceptor. In the absence of oxygen hypoxia cells cannot generate ATP in the mitochondria. Instead, they will utilize glycolysis. Oxygen is required to carry out the electron transport chain and produce ATP via oxidative phosphorylation. The electron transport system is the only metabolic process listed that directly requires molecular oxygen.

Oxygen is the final electron acceptor it is one of the most electronegative atoms in our bodies in the electron transport chain. This is the same as saying that oxygen has the highest reduction potential, and is capable of receiving electons.

If oxygen is not present to accept the electron from the final enzyme complex in the inner mitochondrial membrane, then electron transport will be inhibited and thus no ATP will be produced via chemiosmosis. Note that the Krebs cycle, citric acid cycle, and tricarboxylic acid cycle TCA cycle all refer to the same process, and do not directly require oxygen oxygen is neither a reactant nor a product in any of the steps.

However, oxygen is indirectly required, as there is no point to this cycle without subsequent oxidative phosphorylation. Thus in the absence of oxygen, of the choices shown, only glycolysis will proceed uninhibited.

The electron transport chain generates the most ATP out of all three major phases of cellular respiration. Glycolysis produces a net of 2 ATP per molecule of glucose. However, the majority of the ATP produced during cellular respiration occurs at the electron transport chain by the reduction of coenzymes NADH and. This subsequently results in the generation of the proton motive force which ATP synthase uses to generate ATP from one unit of ADP and one unit of inorganic phosphate.

In a eukaryote, oxidative phosphorylation occurs in the mitochondria because this is where the cell is able to set up a proton gradient. However, prokaryotes do not have mitochondria - they have no membrane-bound organelles at all. Therefore, the proton gradient that drives ATP synthesis in oxidative phosphorylation is created across the cell membrane. If an uncoupler allows for excess buildup of protons inside of the mitochondrial matrix, which of the following processes will be inhibited?

With the excess buildup of protons in the matrix, the only thing that will be inhibited is the generation of ATP by ATP synthase. The other processes in cellular respiration focus more on creation of high energy electron carriers, and therefore will continue as normal. This is one example of an oxidative process. Which of the following processes within another biochemical process could be considered oxidation?

Predictably, a gain in oxygen is known as oxidation, while a loss of oxygen is reduction. Hydrogen follows the opposite pattern as oxidation: removing hydrogen is oxidation, while gaining hydrogen is reduction. Therefore, the correct answer is that removing hydrogens is considered oxidation. In order to differentiate between oxidation and reduction in terms of electron transfer, it is helpful to remember the phrase "LEO the tiger says GER".

A l oss of e lectrons is o xidation, while a g ain of e lectrons is r eduction. To produce the high energy electron carriers and. To produce from the high energy electron carriers and. To produce through substrate level phosphorylation. During oxidative phosphorylation, is created from the previously created and. All of the other choices describe other parts of cellular respiration.

In glycolysis, glucose is oxidized to pyruvate. In both glycolysis and the Krebs cycle, substrate level phosphorylation occurs. Likewise, and are produced during glycolysis and the Krebs cycle, but not during oxidative phosphorylation, where these high energy electrons are passed down a series of membrane-bound enzymes to oxygen meanwhile protons are pumped into the intermembrane space of the mitochondria.

Which of the following steps represents a correct source of carbon dioxide during aerobic respiration? To answer this question, it's important to have familiarity with the process of aerobic respiration.

To pass the electrons from NADH to last Oxygen acceptor,total of 10 protons are transported from matrix to inter mitochondrial membrane. Eukaryotic cells use three major processes to transform the energy held in the chemical bonds of food molecules into more readily usable forms — often energy-rich carrier molecules. Adenosine 5'-triphosphate, or ATP , is the most abundant energy carrier molecule in cells.

Glycolysis involves the breaking down of a sugar generally glucose , although fructose and other sugars may be used into more manageable compounds in order to produce energy. Answer and Explanation: The stage of cellular respiration which yields the most ATP is the electron transport chain. Glycolysis breaks glucose into 2 three-carbon molecules called pyruvate.

The ATP is energy for the cell. The NADH and pyruvate are needed for cellular respiration. All Eukaryotic organisms carry out cellular respiration: all animals, plants, protists, and fungi. The end product of cellular respiration is ATP.

The waste products are carbon dioxide and water. Cellular respiration is this process in which oxygen and glucose are used to create ATP , carbon dioxide , and water. ATP , carbon dioxide , and water are all products of this process because they are what is created. The series of steps where glucose is broken down to release energy begins with a metabolic pathway called glycolysis.

If oxygen is present, then glucose can be broken all the way down into carbon dioxide and water. This process is called aerobic respiration because it requires air oxygen. What stage of cellular respiration produces the most ATP? Category: science chemistry. Which part of cellular respiration produces the most NADH? Anne Marie Helmenstine, Ph. Chemistry Expert. Helmenstine holds a Ph. She has taught science courses at the high school, college, and graduate levels. Facebook Facebook Twitter Twitter.

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